Salinity and wheat pdf

Salinityinduced changes in the nutritional quality of bread. Therefore, kouhdasht and atrak were identified as the most salttolerant genotypes as compared to two other wheat genotypes. Pdf effects of salinity and high temperature stress on. The impact of salt stress under different salinity level 0,25,50,75,100,125,150 mm nacl on five varieties of wheat viz.

Wheat is classified as a moderately tolerant crop to salinity 48. Effect of salinity on seed germination of wheat cultivars. Yield and yield components of wheat as affected by salinity. Durum wheat is a salt sensitive species and germination and seedling stages are the most critical phases for plant growth under salinity flagella, trono, pompa. Having regionally specific information on crop response to salinity is important for growers in their decision making process. Germination of different wheat cultivars under salinity conditions oproi e. Genetic studies of salinity tolerance in wheat by nawar jalal shamaya b. Impact of soil salinity and phosphorus fertility on wheat plant.

Abstract crops growing in salt affected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency. Salinity stress undergoes in abiotic stress which is generated by mineral salts. Salinity and b toxicity limits growth and yield of many crops including wheat grieve and poss, 2000. Many attempts have been made to elucidate the major physiological processes associated with salt tolerance and to identify the genes controlling the processes.

Methods and criteria for identifying resistance to salinity in wheat, particularly effects on nitrogen metabolism also were tested. Salinity effect of stress on germination of wheat cultivars. The data showed that different level of salinity significantly affected the growth attributes by reducing root and shoot length. Impact of nacl salinity on yield components of some wheat accessionsvarieties.

Effect of soil salinity and phosphorus fertility on wheat plant and some nutrients uptake. The recently developed cultivars form a much diversed genetic base and may therefore possess a wider range of salts stress tolerance. The wheat gene pool has a tremendous amount of genetic diversity for salinity tolerance. Inoculation with the two isolates increased salinity tolerance of wheat plants. In this study, it was aimed to compare salinity induced changes in barley hordeum vulgare l. The bread wheat cultivar sr3 is a high yielding, salinity tolerant derivative of an asymmetric somatic hybrid between a salinity sensitive cultivar jinan 177 jn177 and saltresistant tall wheatgrass thinopyrum ponticum weimberg and shannon 1988 which has proven phenotypically and cytogenetically stable over many selfing generations wang. Mccabe id water desalination and reuse center, division of. Seeds were germinated under saline conditions 0, 50, 100, 250, and 500 mm nacl for 2 days and recovered under nonsaline conditions for 2 days. Previous studies have focused on salinity stress in either barley or wheat alone, with little interspeci. Germination characters and early seedling growth of wheat. These studies highlight the scale of lost productivity on saline and sodic soils, and the great opportunity if yield.

The generally three growing phases are relevant for determination of grain yield. The reduction in growth and yield varies between cultivars and salt concentrations of the medium 10. Salinity can affect yields spring wheat response to salinity. Effect of salinity and seed priming on growth characters. Four spring bread wheat cultivars with different tolerance to salinity and their three f3 progenies were evaluated at four levels of salt concentrations. Pdf plant growthpromoting endophytes pgpes can colonize the internal tissues of plants and are capable of promoting plant growth. These results indicated that the effects of salts stress were greater at 10 than at 8, 6 and 4 ec dsm. In the present study, a hydroponic trial was carried out to identify quantitative trait loci qtls associated with salinity tolerance of wheat under 150mm nacl concentration using a recombinant inbred line population xiaoyan 54. Belikh, salt resistant and cando, salt sensitive were incubated in various isoosmotic solutions of nacl, mannitol and. Pdf effect of soil salinity and phosphorus fertility on. Effect of salinity on growth and solute accumulation in two. Therefore, selenite improved the reproduction, yield and nutritional value of wheat under salinity stress.

The action of phytohormone producing bacteria and plant growth regulators on germination and seedling growth of wheat under saline conditions were studied. Barley and wheat have di erent salt tolerances capacities and are grown as major grain crops in both saline and nonsaline soils 32. Wheat is a major cereal crop in many parts of the world and it is commonly known as king of cereals. Mar 29, 2019 salinity stress is one of the most serious abiotic stress affecting adversely plant growth, various metabolic processes, and crop production.

Increased ambient temperature and soil salinity seriously affect the productivity of wheat triticum aestivum l. Salinity can affect yields of many of the crops grown in north dakota. Managing saline soils in north dakota publications. Physiological processes which are harshly affected by salt stress comprise of alteration in plant development, mineral distribution, and membrane variability resulting from calcium dislocation by. With reference to salt stress tolerance, though genetic variability exists in wheat gene pool, in depth understanding of molecular and physiological processes underlying salinity tolerance is lacking. Salinity stress, wheat physiology, anatomical characteristics, molecular and genetical. Salinity can affect yields spring wheat response to. Frontiers bread wheat with high salinity and sodicity. Abstract crops growing in saltaffected soils may suffer from physiological drought stress, ion toxicity, and mineral deficiency. Response of wheat varieties to salinity stresses as ameliorated by seed priming 1971 shoot fresh weight g plant1. Salinity effects on wheat salinity stress shows elevated extent of correspondence in respect of seed germination, morphophysiological, anatomical, molecular, biochemical and genetical impacts. Yield and yield components of wheat as affected by. Durum wheat is the second most important wheat, and is widely grown in southern europe and the middle east, and on soils affected by salinity. Many factors influence a plants tolerance to salinity, including.

Seeds of 20 wheat genotypes were germinated in petri dishes on a sand bed irrigated with saline 15 ds m1 and control solutions for 10 days and also tested at different salinity levels control, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ds m1 which were artificially developed in the. Using different osmoprotectants such as trehalose in alleviating salinity stress adverse effects is very important for plant production. Differences in physiological and biochemical characteristics. Adoption of the rw system, however, changed the salt and water balance in northwestern parts of the igp. It is an often underestimated problem in agriculture, as it can often build up over time and persist with subclinical effects before it reaches a level where it is noticeable. The overall results provide evidence that there is a definite specific ion effect which is related to salt sensitivity in wheat. Breeding strategies for structuring salinity tolerance in wheat. A thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy school of agriculture, food and wine. Salinity stress, wheat physiology, anatomical characteristics, molecular and genetical characteristics, yield and yield components. So, the present study investigated the physiological role of trehalose tre in improving wheat tolerance to. Induced and constitutive dna methylation in a salinity.

A wheat allene oxide cyclase gene enhances salinity tolerance. There was no significant effect in some traits between 10 and 15 salinities. Several studies have documented the effects of individual stress like salinity and high temperature. Effect of salinity 0 and 200 mm nacl on reproductive characters was investigated in wheat cv. Salt and high temperature stress reduced the growth of all genotypes of wheat. Wheat is one of the most important food crops, and its yield is seriously restricted by high salinity and other abiotic stresses. Introduction wheat is a major cereal crop in the world. Identification and characterization of salt tolerance of. High substrate salinity is a major limiting factor for plants in coastal habitats that germination being. Seed dormancy enforced by salinity 100 mm nacl was substantially alleviated and the germination was promoted by gibberellin, auxin, zeatin, and ethephon from 54 to 97%. Physiological role of trehalose on enhancing salinity. The north dakota soybean variety trial results provide producers with data on soybean performance throughout the state and gives information about yield and other information needed for accurate selection of soybean varieties for agricultural production in north dakota. Fast and effective glasshouse screening techniques that could identify genetic variation in salinity tolerance were tested.

The landscape of molecular mechanisms for salt tolerance. Effect of salinity on nitrogen metabolism in wheat. Here, the salinityresponsive bread wheat gene taaoc1, which encodes an allene oxide cyclase involved in the. Morphological, and physiological responses to salinity. Pdf effect of salinity on reproductive growth of wheat. However, cultivars differed signifi cantly to both salt and temperature stress. Yield reductions of 50% in durum wheat under dryland salinity james et al. Effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat. Impact of salt stress on five varieties of wheattriticum. Mitochondrial responses to salinity in wheat richard jacoby this thesis is presented for the degree of doctor of philosophy in biochemistry at the university of. Effects of straw application on coastal saline topsoil. Mukta, raj3765, sonalika, kharchia65 were found to be best suited to salinity, while pbw226 and raj2535 were very sensitive to salinity. Its germination, emergence, and growth are sensitive to soil salinity, and salt accumulation in topsoil is the main factor responsible for yield decline in coastal zones xie et al. Bread wheat is a major food crop in most of the countries of the world which suffer saline soils, and therefore increasing salinity tolerance in bread wheat is necessary.

Nov 21, 2008 objectives of our studies were to quantify effects of salinity on growth and nitrogen metabolism of wheat and to measure variation in response of different cultivars, hybrids, and classes. Having regionally specific information on crop response to salinity is important for. In both species, transgenic lines exhibited an enhanced level of tolerance to salinity. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design crd with three replications. This work presents the response of 17 durum wheat triticum turgidum l.

Salinity is one of the major limitations to wheat production worldwide. Bread wheat germplasm tolerant to salinity with high enduse quality is required to maintain grain production in saline lands. Wheat response to interactive effects of boron and salinity. Salinity tolerance in egyptian spring wheat genotypes. Pdf wheat is one of the staple food in world as well as in india. The combined drought and salinity stresses pose a serious challenge for crop production, but the physiological mechanisms behind the stresses responses in wheat remains poorly understood. However, wheat reproduction and its development in selenite. The effect of salinity on mitochondrial properties was investigated by comparing the reference wheat variety chinese spring cs to a salttolerant amphiploid amp. However, wheat plant is most susceptible to high temperatures and salinity at booting and flowering stages.

Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in. Yield and yield components of wheat as affected by salinity and. Study the effect of salt stress on morphomolecular. The aim of this work is to evaluate the response of leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid c t content in wheat triticum aestivum l. Four wheat genotypes sarc1, sarc5, sarc7, and sarc8 were grown under nonsaline and saline 7. Keywords salinity, tolerance, effect, yield, wheat 1. Effect of salinity and seed priming on growth characters of. Investigating the role of respiration in plant salinity. This research project was undertaken to study salinity stress changes in the nutritional quality of wheat genotypes. Managing saline soils in north dakota sf1087, revised sept. In the northeast of punjab and haryana states it led to receding water tables and waterlogging, and in southwest parts to associated problems of secondary salination. The study also seeks to establish and analyze relationships between measurements from a spad502.

Salinity, wheat, water uptake, seed metabolic efficiency, ion uptake introduction the economy of bangladesh depends on agriculture crops which contributes to the gdp. Salinity was created artificially by the addition of nacl in soil before filling in pots. Germination of different wheat cultivars under salinity. Physiological and molecular response under salinity stress in. At the same time the productivity of wheat across the globe is influenced by several abiotic stresses i. Subjecting inoculated wheat plants to salt stress diminished the adverse effects caused by salinity stress, such as reduction of straw weight, grain yield, harvest index, plant and spike height figure 4, figure 5, tiller number, spike weight, seed number and seed weight of wheat. Salinity increased sterility but decreased chlorophyll content. The octoploid amp genotype was previously generated by combining hexaploid bread wheat cs with the diploid wild wheatgrass adapted to salt marshes, lophopyrum elongatum. Impact of salt stress on five varieties of wheattriticum aestivum l. Wheat is among major cereals cultivated and consumed all over the world. This study was designed to evaluate the level of genetic variation among 150 internationally derived wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance at germination, seedling and adult plant stages, with the aim of identifying new genetic resources with. Four spring bread wheat cultivars with different tolerance to salinity and their three f3 progenies were evaluated at four. Muzafar iqbal, saliha irshad, muhammad nadeem, tatheer fatima, arfa bakht itrat key words. Germination rate was decreased by salinity in two lettuce varieties.

Pdf effect of salinity and laser on wheat sm mahdi. North dakota soybean variety trial results for 2019 and selection guide. A pot study was conducted in 20042005 in the aghala area northern iran to study the effect of different salinity. Pdf induction of tolerance to salinity in wheat genotypes. Physiological and molecular changes in barley and wheat. This study was designed to evaluate the level of genetic variation among 150 internationally derived wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance at germination, seedling and adult plant stages, with the aim of identifying new genetic resources with desirable adaptation characteristics for breeding programmes and further genetic. During the last few decades, several wheat genetic stocks have been developed showing all three types of tolerance mechanisms, i.

Salinity tolerance during germination and early seedling growth was evaluated for nine wheat cultivar triticum aestivum l. By petronia carillo, maria grazia annunziata, giovanni pontecorvo, amodio fuggi and pasqualina woodrow. Pdf bread wheat with high salinity and sodicity tolerance. The objective was to produce screening techniques for selecting salttolerant progeny in breeding programs in which genes for salinity tolerance have been introduced by either conventional breeding or genetic engineering. Different crops can tolerate different levels of salinity in irrigation water. The component of grain yield most affected by inoculation was grains per plant. Morphological, and physiological responses to salinity stress. For this the total of fifteen varieties were collected, to evaluate the genetic diversity under the normal field condition and the effect of salt. Already, the tested wheat genotypes exhibited different responses for stress salinity tolerance indices sti. Silicon improves salinity tolerance in wheat plants. Components of salinity tolerance in wheat a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at the university of adelaide by karthika rajendran, m. All plants differ greatly in their tolerance of salt, where lettuce and arabidopsis are among the more sensitive plants and cereals are typically more tolerant. The aim of the present study was to investigate ef fect. Screening of wheat genotypes as salt tolerance through seed germination and early seedling growth is crucial for their evaluation.

Rice wheat systems were the preferred choice of farmers. Oct 22, 2019 yield reductions of 50% in durum wheat under dryland salinity james et al. Pdf impact of soil salinity and phosphorus fertility on. Effect of salinity and seed priming on growth characters of wheat varieties was conducted at institute of biotechnology and genetic engineering ibge, the university of agriculture peshawar during winter season 202014.

Salinity and b toxicity in combination, affect photosynthesis in plants by disrupting the photosynthetic pigments biosynthesis and also affect membrane functions karabal et al. It belongs to poaceae family and globally after maize wheat is the second most produced food among the cereal crops, rice ranks third. Pdf morphophysiological effect of selenium on salinity. The decrease in germination rate particularly under drought and salt stress conditions may be due to the fact that seeds seemingly develop an. Pdf effect of salinity on seed germination of wheat. However, production of wheat worldwide is affected by salinity stress. This result indicates that we can apply more salinity in future studies.